Use Responses directly
OWN THE LOOP- Short-lived workflows
- Maximum control over dispatch and state
- Custom orchestration is the product
A PM-oriented field guide to the runtime wrapped around the Responses API—what it abstracts, what developers control, and which product tensions matter.
The model call is the small part.
The SDK’s product value is reliable execution around intelligence: dispatch, state, specialization, safety, approvals, debugging, and cost visibility.
The video is generated as a deterministic HTML composition in HyperFrames. It mirrors this guide’s architecture language and uses nine measured narration chapters as the timing authority.
The Responses API is the model-facing substrate. The SDK’s default model adapter speaks that API, while Runner provides the client-side control loop and the rest of the package supplies reusable application and production primitives.
Every entry point—async, synchronous, or streamed—feeds the same core state machine. Final output ends a run; tool calls and handoffs create another turn.
The SDK remains approachable because most developers begin with Agent, a tool, and Runner. Additional surfaces appear as the workflow takes on production responsibilities.
Instructions, prompt templates, model settings, tools, handoffs, guardrails, hooks and structured output.
Hosted OpenAI tools, local runtimes, Python functions, MCP, and agents exposed as callable tools.
Turns, streaming, tool execution, handoffs, interruptions, raw response items and resumable state.
Client-managed history storage. An alternative to server-side conversation and response continuation.
Input, tool and output checks; approval interruptions that can be serialized and resumed.
Generations, tool calls, handoffs, custom spans, tokens, latency and cost instrumentation.
A manager calls specialists as tools and keeps authority. A handoff changes the active agent and conversation owner. The difference affects policy, context, latency and evaluation—not just code organization.
One agent synthesizes specialist results and owns the final response.
A routing decision transfers the conversation to a domain specialist.
Memory, safety and approvals are separate concerns. The architecture is strongest when the team chooses each intentionally rather than treating “agent state” as one undifferentiated blob.
Tracing is a debugging interface and a product feedback loop. Usage turns architectural choices—more agents, more tools, longer histories—into measurable cost and latency.
Tool failure, retry, guardrail and resume rates.
Calls, tokens, cached share and latency.
How quickly developers diagnose and correct failures.
Strong PM answers connect developer friction, design principles, metrics and tensions. Avoid a feature-tour answer; explain why the runtime boundary exists and what good product outcomes look like.
SDK overview · Agents · Running agents · Tools · Handoffs · Sessions · Tracing · Models
The companion ANALYSIS.md in the project contains the fuller written synthesis and metric framework.