THE MECHANISM

Values, Bellman backups, and policy gradients

03Value is a forecast
→
04Bellman turns a long future into one step + a forecast
→
05Two broad routes
FAILURE → REPAIR
Common trap

“RL means trial-and-error with no prior data.”

Better model

Modern systems often start from imitation or pretrained representations, then use offline or online experience to improve.

YOUR NEXT GATE

Three rungs, not one giant leap

  1. 1Run value iteration on the ETH grid world.
  2. 2Train DQN on CartPole and inspect the replay buffer role.
  3. 3Run PPO or SAC only after the first two feel legible.